Hinge for doors



March 24, 1936. L, CERAMI HINGE FOR DOORS Filed July 5, 1955 2Sheets-Sheet 1 Patented Mar. 24, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE -6Claims.

This invention relates to hinges and has special reference to a hingefor doors which swing in both directions from closed position. Oneimportant object of the invention is to provide a novel construction ofhinge having an improved arrangement of springs for holding a doornormally closed.

A second important object of the invention is to provide a novel hingearrangement which may be used as a, door to a frame side or one leaf ofa folding door to another and which may be used for either single anddouble doors.

A third important object of the invention is to provide a hinge of thisclass having novel means to regulate the closing effect of the springsof the hinge so that the same hinge may be used for both light and heavydoors.

A fourth important object of the invention is to provide a novel form ofsuch hinge arranged to be locked in both opened and closed positions.

A fifth important object of the invention is to provide a hinge of thistype in which the door may be held open at any desired angle.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists ingeneral of certain novel details of construction and combinations ofparts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings and specifically claimed.

In the accompanying drawings like characters of reference indicate likeparts in the several views, and:

Figure 1 is a partial sectional View showing the device installed in adoor and door-frame with the door in closed position.

Figure 2 is a similar View with the door partly open.

Figure 3 is a front elevation of the :hinge.

Figure 4 is a side elevation of the hinge with one side of the casingremoved.

Figure 5 is a rear elevation of the casing.

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 4, but with the parts in theposition assumed when the door is at right angles to its closedposition.

Figure 7 is an enlargedsection on the line 'l--.l of Figure 4.

Figure '8 is an enlarged section on the line 8-8 of Figure 3.

Figure 9 is an enlarged section on the line 9'9 of Figure 4.

Figure 10 is an enlarged'detail showing acertain door locking latch usedherewith.

Figure 11 is a side view of one of the cam arms used herein.

Figure 12 is an edge elevation of the cam arm.

Figure 13 is a detail showing a certain wedge for releasing a. pawl usedherewith.

In the embodiment here shown there is provided a casing l0 adapted to behoused in adoor frame F-having a face plate ll fixed to one side platel2 of the casing, the other side plate l3 being removable. In thiscasing is a frame hav- Y ing sides i4 and, at its front a series ofhinge eyes I5. Above and below the frame there is provided the guide andpivot pins it which are fixed to the plate [2 and these pins areprovided with roller sleeves l1 between which the frame moves. Thesepins are bored and threaded to receive the fastening screws 18 of theplate 13.

Pivoted to the upper and lower parts of the frame are cam levers l9which each havea cam In closed position of the door these levers i9 havetheir inner edges parallel as in Fig. 4 and between these inner edgescoiled compression springs 2| are mounted in the frame. A

At 26 is a door plate adapted to be secured to the edge of a door andthis plate lies against the face plate I! when the door is closed.'Through this :door plate pass transversely slidable arms 21 carry-ingrollers 23 at their outer 'en-ds. A screw 29 serves to clamp the arms 2?in adjus-ted positions. Hinge eyes 30 are fixed to the door plate andextend between the eyes l5, a hinge pin 3| passing through these eyes inthe usual manner. The plate II is slotted at 32 to permit movement ofthe frame in and out of the casing.

As thus constructed the swinging of a door D to open the same causes thedoor plate 26 to rock on one of the rollers 28 as a fulcrum. This movesthe frame outwardly in the casing which causes the arms [9 to swingtoward each other by the action of the camsurfaces 20 on the rollersleeves [1. This compresses the springs 21 which thus resist openingmovement of the door. When the door is released the springs 21 forcethese cam arms apart and the action of the arms on the roller sleeves I1serves to draw the frame in and swing the door to closed position.

In order to lock the door in fully opened and in closed positions thereis provided on the door plate a vertically movable slide 33 access towhich may be had by cutting a suitable finger hole (not shown) in thedoor D. This slideis' held in adjusted position by a spring 34. Theslide carries a hook arm 35 which passes through a slot 36 in the plateli'l when the door is closed. A latch 3-1 is pivoted to the plate H andextends below the hook arm (see Fig. 1%)). The latch :31 may be movedinto and out :of engagement .10 surface 20 bearing against a rollersleeve ll.

the hook arm by a pin 38 passing through a slot 39in the plate 1! and,when engaged therewithgloclis the door in :closed position. To look.thus engaged the frame cannot move inwardly of thecasing so that thedoor cannot close.

In order to latch the door in desired open position there is provided atthe lower part of the casing a ratchet bar 42 which is connected at 43to the door plate in the same manner as the frame is connected to thedoor plate so that the frame and ratchet bar move in unison. A plungerpawl 44 passes through the casing to engage this ratchet bar and thispawl is carried by a leaf spring 45 attached at one end to the casingand having its other end adjacent the face plate so that the free end ofthe spring may be moved to draw the pawl out of engagementby means of awedge member 41 slidable on the face plate and operated by a pin 48extending through said face plate. By this means, as the door opens theratchet will move beneath the pawl and, unless the latter is held out ofengagement it will ride over the ratchet teeth and, when the door isreleased, hold it in the desired position. Of course, when the pawl isdisengaged the dooi will close. 1

There has thus been provided a simple and efficient device of the kinddescribed and for the purpose specified.

It is obvious that minor changes may be made in the form andconstruction of the invention without departing from the material spiritthereof. It is not, therefore, desired to confine the invention to theexact form herein shown and described, but it is desired to include allsuch as properly come within the scope claimed.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, is:

1. In a hinge, a casing having a face plate, a frame slidable inwardlyand outwardly of said casing through said face plate, a door plate,means carried by the door plate and pivotally connected to said frame,said door plate being arranged to rock on said face plate whereby tomove the frame in the casing, a pair of levers each pivoted at one endin said frame to swing toward and from each other, springs between saidlevers urging them apart, said levers having cam surfaces on the sidesopposite the springs, and camming means fixed to the casing and engagingsaid cam surfaces to force the levers together and compress the springsas the frame is moved outwardly of the casing.

2. In a hinge, a casing having a face plate, a frame slidable inwardlyand outwardly of said casing through said face plate, a door plate,means carried by the door'plate and pivotally connected to said frame,said door plate being arranged to rock on said face plate whereby tomove the frame in the casing, a pair of levers each pivoted at one endin said frame to swing toward and from each other, springs between saidlevers urging them apart, said levers having cam surfaces on the sidesopposite the springs, camming means fixed to the casing and engagingsaid cam surfaces to force the levers together and compress the springsas the frame is moved outwardly of the casing and to move the frameinwardly of the casing when the free ends of the levers are forced apartby the springs.

3. In a hinge, a casing having a face plate, a frame slidable inwardlyand outwardly of said casing through said face plate, a door plate,means carried by the door plate and pivotally connected to said frame,said door plate being arranged to rock on said face plate whereby tomove the frame in the casing, a pair of levers each pivoted at one endin said frame to swing toward and from each other, springs between saidlevers urging them apart, said levers having cam surfaces on the sidesopposite the springs, camming means fixed to the casing and engagingsaid cam surfaces to force the levers together and compress the springsas the frame is moved outwardly of the casing, and manually operablemeans adapted to engage the pivotal connection between the door plateand frame to lock said pivotal connection against pivotal movement.

4. In a hinge, a casing having a face plate, a frame slidable inwardlyand outwardly of said casing through said face plate, a door plate,means carried by the door plate and. pivotally connected to said frame,said door plate being arranged to rock on said face plate whereby tomove the frame in the casing, a pair of levers each pivoted at one endin said frame to swing toward and from each other, springs between saidlevers urging them apart, said levers having cam surfaces on the sidesopposite the springs, camming means fixed to the casing and engagingsaid cam surfaces to force the levers together and. compress the springsas the frame is moved outwardly of the casing, a ratchet bar arranged tomove with said frame, a spring pressed pawl carried by the casing toengage the ratchet bar to hold the frame against inward movement, andmanually operable means torelease said pawl from the ratchet bar and tohold it in released position.

5. In a hinge, a casing having a face plate, a frame slidable inwardlyand outwardly of said casing through said face plate, a door plate,means carried by the door plate and pivotally connected to said frame,said door plate being arranged to rock on said face plate whereby tomove the frame in the casing, a pair of levers each pivoted at one endin said frame to swing toward and from each other, springs between saidlevers urging them apart, said levers having cam surfaces on the sidesopposite the springs,

camming means fixed to the casing and engaging said cam surfaces toforce the levers together and compress the springs as the frame is movedoutwardly of the casing, a ratchet bar arranged to move with said frame,a spring pressed pawl carried by the casing to engage the ratchet bar tohold the frame against inward movement, manually operable means toreleasesaid pawl from the ratchet bar and to hold it in releasedposition, and manually operable means adapted to engage the pivotalconnection between the door plate and frame to lock said pivotalconnection against pivotal movement.

6. In a hinge, a casing having a face plate, a frame slidable inwardlyand outwardly of said casing through said face plate, a door plate,

means carried by the door plate and pivotally connected to said frame,said door plate being arranged to rock on said face plate whereby tomove the frame in the casing, a pair of levers each pivoted at one endin said frame to swing toward and from each other, springs between saidlevers urging them apart, said levers having cam surfaces on the sidesopposite the springs, camming means fixed to the casing and engagingsaid cam surfaces to. force the levers together and compress the springsas the frame is moved outwardly of the casing, adjustable arms mountedin the door plate to slide transversely of the plate, rollers mounted inthe outer ends of said last arms and resting on the face plate to formfulcrums for the door plate, and means to hold the adjustable arms inadjusted positions.

GIUSEPPE L. CERAMI.

